Articulations
Synarthrosis, or immoveable
Amphiarthrosis, or mixed
Diarthrosis, or moveable
Kinds of movement
Articulations of the trunk
The vertebral column
The atlas with the axis
The atlas with the occiptal bone
The axis with the occiptal bone
Tempoko-maxillart articulation
The ribs with the vertebras
The cartilages of the ribs with the sternum
Ligaments of the sternum
The pelvis with the spine
The pelvis
Articulations of the upper extremity
Sterno-clavicular articulation
Scapulo-clavicular articulation
Proper ligaments of the scapula
Shoulder joint
Elbow joint
Radio-ulnar articulations
Whist joint
Articulations of the carpus
Capro metacapral articulations
Metacarpo-phalangeal articulations
Articulations of the phalanges
Articulations of the lower extremity
Hip joint
The knee joint
Articulations between the tibia and fibula
Ankle joint
Articulations of the tarsus
Tarso-metatarsal articulations
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Occipito-Axoid. Three Odontoid.
To expose these ligaments, the spinal canal should be laid open by removing the posterior arch of the atlas, the laminae and spinous process of the axis, and that portion of the occipital bone behind the foramen magnum, as seen in fig. 103. The Occipito-Axoid Ligament (Apparatus ligamentosus colli) is situated at the 
upper part of the front surface of the spinal canal. It is an exceedingly broad and strong ligamentous band, which covers the odontoid process and its ligaments, and appears to be a prolongation upwards of the posterior common ligament of the spine. It is attached, below, to the posterior surface of the body of the axis, and becoming broader and expanded as it ascends, is inserted into the basilar groove of the occipital bone, in front of .the foramen magnum.
Relations. By its anterior surface, it is intimately connected with the transverse ligament; by its posterior surface, with the dura mater. By dividing this ligament transversely across, and turning its enda aside, the transverse and odontoid ligaments are exposed. The Odontoid or Chech Ligaments are strong rounded fibrous cords, which arise one on either side of the apex of the odontoid process, and passing obliquely upwards and outwards, are inserted into the rough depressions on the inner side of the condyles of the occipital bone. In the triangular interval left between these ligaments and the margin of the foramen magnum, a third strong ligamentous band (ligamentum suspensorium) may be seen, which passes almost perpendicularly from the apex of the odontoid process to the anterior margin of the foramen, being intimately blended with the anterior occipito-atloid ligament. Actions. The odontoid ligaments serve to limit the extent to which rotation of the cranium may be carried; hence they have received the name of check ligaments. |